A Review of Electricity-Gas-Hydrogen Integrated Energy Systems for Low-Carbon Energy Transition: Planning, Operation and Market Optimization

Ning Guo; Yingying Zhang

doi:10.62051/ajmse.v1n4.04

Authors

Ning Guo College of Economics and Management, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
Yingying Zhang College of Economics and Management, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62051/ajmse.v1n4.04

Keywords:

Electricity-gas-hydrogen Integrated Energy System, Green Hydrogen, Power-to-gas, Fuel cell, Dynamic Pricing, tackelberg Game, Robust Optimization, Renewable Energy Accommodation

Abstract

Electricity-gas-hydrogen integrated energy systems are becoming an important technical pathway for low-carbon energy transition, renewable energy accommodation and multi-energy coordination. With the increasing penetration of wind power and photovoltaic power, conventional energy systems face growing challenges related to intermittency, uncertainty, flexibility shortage and carbon emission reduction. Hydrogen, especially green hydrogen produced by renewable electricity through water electrolysis, can act as a flexible energy carrier, long-duration energy storage medium and cross-sector coupling resource. This paper provides a literature review of electricity-gas-hydrogen integrated energy systems from the perspectives of system architecture, hydrogen production, power-to-gas technology, hydrogen storage and transportation, coordinated planning, flexible operation, dynamic pricing and robust optimization. The review shows that power-to-gas, hydrogen storage and fuel cells can improve renewable energy utilization and enhance system flexibility. Meanwhile, market-oriented mechanisms such as dynamic pricing and Stackelberg game models can guide demand response and improve the economic performance of integrated energy systems. Robust optimization provides an effective tool for managing renewable generation uncertainty and load fluctuation. However, challenges remain in hydrogen infrastructure investment, multi-energy network modeling, hydrogen market design, carbon pricing coordination, safety standards and real-world demonstration. Finally, a technical route is proposed to summarize the future research framework for electricity-gas-hydrogen integrated energy systems.

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